1、Cytology, metabolomics, and proteomics reveal the grain filling process

In conclusion, this study offers a molecular explanation for the establishment of wheat quality, and it aids in our understanding of the intricate metabolic network between different qualities of wheat at the filling stage.

2、Understanding the regulation of cereal grain filling: The way forward

During grain filling, starch and other nutrients accumulate in the endosperm; this directly determines grain yield and grain quality in crops such as rice (Oryza sativa), maize (Zea mays), and wheat (Triticum aestivum).

3、Spatial distribution of proteins and metabolites in developing wheat

The abundance of selected protein candidates revealed spatially and temporally resolved protein functions associated with development and grain filling.

4、Insights into the Functional Components in Wheat Grain: Spatial

Wheat is a staple crop; its production must achieve both high yield and good quality due to worldwide demands for food security and better quality of life. It has been found that the grain qualities vary greatly within the different layers of wheat kernels.

5、Changes in free amino acid and protein polymerization in wheat

During grain development, the supply of free amino acids and the capacity for storage protein synthesis interact to control protein accumulation and content in mature grains (Zheng et al., 2022), and grain protein may be further limited by amino acid supply during grain filling (Zhong et al., 2020).

Spatial distribution of proteins and metabolites in developing wheat

We performed a proteomics and metabolomics analysis in four different developing components of the wheat grain (seed coat, embryo, endosperm, and cavity fluid) to characterize molecular processes during early and late grain development.

Spatial distribution of proteins and metabolites in developing wheat

The abundance of selected protein candidates revealed spatially and temporally resolved protein functions associated with development and grain filling.

Metabolic adaptation of wheat grain contributes to a stable filling

Wheat (Triticum aestivum) is particularly vulnerable to heat stress during the grain filling stage, and this can adversely affect the final yield. However, the underlying physiological and molecular mechanisms are largely unknown.

Physiological and biochemical changes during drought and recovery

Defining the metabolic strategies used by wheat to tolerate and recover from drought events will be important for ensuring yield stability in the future, but studies addressing this critical...

Drought priming enhances wheat grain starch and protein quality under

Our results revealed that drought stress leads to a reduction in the contents of starch and its constituents, while simultaneously increasing glutenin macropolymers and protein fractions.

The grain-filling stage of wheat refers to the period from flowering to maturity, during which grains begin to form and accumulate nutrients. This stage is critical for wheat’s nutritional demands, as it determines yield and quality. Fish protein, as a high-quality protein source, is widely recognized for its benefits to plant growth. Below is an analysis of its effects during wheat’s grain-filling stage:

I. Nutritional Value of Fish Protein

1. High Amino Acid Content: Fish protein is rich in essential amino acids like lysine and tryptophan, which plants cannot synthesize. These acids play a crucial role in accelerating growth and promoting fruit development.
2. Abundant Trace Elements: It contains microelements such as iron, zinc, and copper, which enhance photosynthesis, respiration, and stress resistance in plants.
3. Low Fat and Cholesterol: Compared to meat-based products, fish protein has lower fat and cholesterol, offering an advantage for plants or crops requiring weight control or cardiovascular health.

II. Impact of Fish Protein on Wheat’s Grain-Filling Stage

1. Root System Development: Nutrients in fish protein stimulate root growth, improving water and nutrient absorption. This enhances drought resistance and flood tolerance in wheat.
2. Photosynthesis Efficiency: Vitamins and minerals in fish protein directly participate in photosynthesis, boosting light energy utilization.
3. Crop Quality Improvement: Fish protein fertilizer increases wheat’s protein content, improves grain color and taste, and elevates overall quality.

III. Application Methods

1. Soil Application: Evenly spread fish protein over fields, where microorganisms break it down into absorbable forms.
2. Foliar Spraying: Dilute fish protein and spray it onto wheat leaves for rapid nutrient replenishment and growth acceleration.
3. Seed Treatment: Soak or coat seeds with fish protein to deliver nutrients directly, promoting germination and seedling growth.

IV. Precautions

1. Moderate Use: Excessive application may lead to nitrogen overload in soil, disrupting ecological balance. Follow the principle of "small doses, frequent applications."
2. Combine with Other Fertilizers: Pair fish protein with nitrogen, phosphorus, and other fertilizers to ensure balanced nutrition.
3. Environmental Protection: Avoid pollution during production and application of fish protein.

Using fish protein during wheat’s grain-filling stage effectively boosts growth and yield. careful management—including proper dosage, fertilizer pairing, and eco-conscious practices—is essential. With scientific application, fish protein can provide critical nutritional support, helping farmers achieve better harvests.