1、Brassinosteroid action in flowering plants: a Darwinian perspective

These studies led to the discovery of a new class of phytohormones, the brassinosteroids (BRs) that were isolated from rapeseed (Brassica napus) pollen.

2、Q&A: what are brassinosteroids and how do they act in plants?

Brassinosteroids (BRs) are a class of polyhydroxylated steroidal phytohormones in plants with similar structures to animals’ steroid hormones. Brassinosteroids regulate a wide range of physiological processes including plant growth, development and immunity.

3、Physiological effects related to brassinosteroid application in plants

Brassinosteroids are plant hormones whose functions have been discovered in the past years. In order to confirm scientifically the biological effects caused exclusively by these compounds, different tools can be used, such as BRdeficient or BR-perceptive mutants,...

4、Inhibitory Effect of Brassinosteroids on the Flowering of the Short

Generally plants treated with brassinolide and castasterone form less number of flowers than control plants, but degree of flowering inhibition was depended on the concentration and the method of BR application as well as the length of the inductive dark period.

5、Time after time: flowering phenology and biotic interactions

One that delays flowering might gain higher capacity, but might also run out of time to use it before the end of the season. Flowering phenology is affected by many environmental factors, among which temperature and photoperiod, which are reliable signals of seasons, are probably the best studied.

Synthesis of brassinolide, a steroidal lactone with plant

Brassinolide, a plant-growth promoter isolated from rape pollen, was stereoselectively synthesized from dinorcholenic acid.

Brassinolide, a plant growth

Extracts of Brassica napus L. (rape) pollen (family, Cruciferae) have been reported to produce a novel growth-promoting effect when applied to young pinto bean plants 1,2. Fractions that are...

The regulation of seasonal flowering in the Rosaceae

Strawberry (Fragaria spp.), raspberry (Rubus spp.), rose (Rosa spp.), and apple (Malus spp.) are used to illustrate how photoperiod and temperature control seasonal flowering in rosaceous crops.

THE REGULATION OF FLOWERING IN LONG

It has generally been concluded from such experiments that the Pfr of phytochrome is required for flowering in long-day plants and inhibits flowering in short-day plants.

Flowering time control and applications in plant breeding

These sequences and variants thereof, as well as several major genes which were only identified in crop species, can now be used by breeders as molecular markers and for targeted genetic modification of flowering time.

Brassinolide is a plant growth regulator primarily used to promote plant growth and development. In the cultivation of roses, brassinolide can be applied to enhance flower bud differentiation, improve flower quality, and increase bloom quantity. Below are guidelines for its usage and precautions:

I. Preparation Before Use

1. Select Suitable Varieties: Choose rose cultivars responsive to brassinolide. Early-maturing varieties are generally more suitable.
2. Soil Preparation: Ensure well-drained, fertile, and loose soil. Amend soil with organic fertilizers and compound fertilizers if needed.
3. Environmental Conditions: Maintain optimal temperatures (15–25°C) for rose growth. Avoid extreme heat or cold, which may stress plants.
4. Pruning: Remove weak or diseased branches/leaves to reduce pest/disease risks.

II. Application Methods

1. Foliar Spraying: Dilute brassinolide and spray evenly on leaves or stems. Avoid overapplication to prevent phytotoxicity.
2. Topical Application: Dilute brassinolide and apply directly to flower buds to stimulate differentiation.
3. Seed Soaking: Soak rose seeds in a diluted brassinolide solution to boost germination rates.
4. Soil Dressing: Incorporate diluted brassinolide into the soil to promote root development.

III. Precautions

1. Dosage Control: Use appropriate concentrations. Excessive use may lead to rapid, uneven growth and reduced flower quality. Adjust based on cultivar and specific needs.
2. Monitor Plant Response: Observe plants closely during application. Discontinue or adjust usage if abnormalities occur.
3. Rotate Regulators: Avoid long-term solo use. Alternate brassinolide with other growth regulators to reduce resistance risks.
4. Environmental Safety: Follow regulations to minimize environmental and human health impacts.
5. Integrated Management: Combine brassinolide with fertilizers, pesticides, and other inputs as needed for optimal results.

brassinolide is an effective tool for rose cultivation but requires careful application. With proper management, it can significantly enhance flowering outcomes.