1、Foliar application of zinc sulphate and zinc EDTA to wheat leaves: differences in mobility, distribution, and speciation

We performed an experiment using radiolabelled Zn (65 Zn), and in situ time-resolved elemental imaging using synchrotron X-ray fluorescence microscopy (XFM), to investigate the behaviour of two commonly used Zn foliar fertilizers (Zn sulphate and ZnEDTA) in wheat (Triticum aestivum) leaves.

2、The effects of foliar fertilization with iron sulfate in chlorotic leaves are limited to the treated area. A study with peach trees

Foliar Fe fertilization was effective in re-greening treated leaf areas both in peach trees and sugar beet plants.

3、Effect of foliar application of NPK nanoparticle fertilization on yield and genotoxicity in wheat

Foliar fertilizers can be sprayed directly on leaves in order to supply trace elements. Foliar application can reduce the time lag between application and uptake by plants during the rapid growth phase.

Effect of Foliar Applied Urea on Growth and Yield of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)

Similarly, foliar fertilization is very useful to fulfil the plant requirement for various macro and micronutrients. Foliar fertilizers immediately deliver nutrients to the tissues and organs of the crop. This is a practice of applying liquid fertilizers to leaves.

Foliar Fertilization for Sustainable Crop Production

Here I review the extensive work that has been carried out on the effectiveness of foliar-applied nutrients, the mechanisms of foliar absorption, and transport.

Phosphate foliar application increases biomass and P concentration in P deficient maize

Uptake occurred on both sides of the leaf with no significant differences. Conclusions: Maize plants are able to absorb and utilize foliar-applied P, even under deficient conditions and independently of leaf side. P foliar application can therefore be used as a top-up application in deficiency situations.

Copper

These results clearly indicate that the application of copper-based foliar fertilizer with added zinc and controlled release urea is favorable for tomato.

Foliar Fertilization of Crop Plants: Journal of Plant Nutrition: Vol 32 , No 6

Nutrient concentration and day temperature should be optimal to avoid leaf burning and fertilizer source should be soluble in water to be more effective. Foliar fertilization of crops can complement soil fertilization.

Soil and foliar fertilization affects mineral contents in Vitis vinifera L. cv. ‘rebula’ leaves

The trial carried out in Slovenian winegrowing region investigated the effects of basic fertilization coupled with soil or foliar applications of fertilizers containing Mg and Fe on the concentration of K, Mg, Fe and Zn in the grapevines leaves at berry set and veraison.

Nanotechnology promotes the R&D of new

This review presents the current efforts of chemical engineers and nanomaterial scientists to solve the problems by taking the advantages of nanotechnology and designing and developing new-generation long-term foliar micronutrient fertilizers.

Foliar fertilization is a method of directly spraying nutrient solutions onto plant leaves, which can rapidly replenish essential nutrients for plants, promote leaf growth, and enhance photosynthetic efficiency. Below are some commonly used foliar fertilizers and their application methods:

I. Seaweed Extract-Based Foliar Fertilizers

1. Characteristics: Seaweed extracts are rich in amino acids, minerals, and vitamins, which promote plant growth.
2. Application Method: Dilute the seaweed extract and apply evenly over the leaves. Avoid overuse to prevent leaf burn.
3. Precautions: Choose high-quality seaweed extract products and monitor plant responses to avoid adverse effects.

II. Trace Element Water-Soluble Fertilizers

1. Characteristics: Contain essential micronutrients like iron, zinc, and copper, which supplement mineral deficiencies.
2. Application Method: Dilute according to product instructions and spray evenly on leaves. Apply every 7–10 days.
3. Precautions: Select formulations based on specific plant needs, as excessive use may lead to toxicity.

III. Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate (KDP)

1. Characteristics: A vital nutrient for plant growth, promoting root development and leaf thickening.
2. Application Method: Mix with water at a ratio of 1:100 and spray on leaves. Adjust concentration as needed.
3. Precautions: Avoid overuse, which may disrupt nutrient absorption. Do not mix with alkaline substances.

IV. Amino Acid-Based Compound Fertilizers

1. Characteristics: Contain multiple amino acids that enhance photosynthesis and stress resistance.
2. Application Method: Dilute to recommended strength and spray evenly. Apply every 5–7 days.
3. Precautions: Use appropriate amino acid concentrations, as excess may cause rapid, unhealthy growth.

V. Biostimulants

1. Characteristics: Contain beneficial microbial strains that improve soil health and promote plant growth.
2. Application Method: Dilute and spray evenly on leaves. Apply every 10–14 days.
3. Precautions: Use reputable biostimulant products and monitor plants for adverse reactions.

VI. Organic Fertilizers

1. Characteristics: Rich in organic matter and nutrients, improving soil quality and plant health.
2. Application Method: Dissolve thoroughly in water and spray evenly. Apply every 10–14 days.
3. Precautions: Select high-quality organic products and observe plant responses.

Factors to Consider When Choosing Foliar Fertilizers

1. Plant Type: Different plants require specific formulations.
2. Growth Stage: Adjust applications for seedlings, vegetative growth, and flowering phases.
3. Climate Conditions: Effectiveness varies with weather; adapt usage accordingly.
4. Soil Conditions: Soil type and pH influence absorption; choose formulations suited to local soil.
5. Plant Health: Diagnose issues like yellowing or wilting before applying fertilizers.

General Guidelines for Using Foliar Fertilizers

1. Follow dosage and frequency recommendations on product labels.
2. Use reliable, high-quality products to avoid damage.
3. Monitor plants for adverse reactions and stop use if problems arise. Consult experts if needed.
4. Avoid application during extreme weather to prevent stress.
5. Combine with other practices (e.g., balanced soil fertilization, irrigation, pest control) for optimal results.

This translation maintains the original structure, technical terminology, and practical guidance while ensuring clarity for English-speaking readers.